Traditional gender roles translating into behaviors within adolescents’ romantic relationships

Contenido principal del artículo

Elena M. Jerves, Ph. D.
Ana Cevallos-Neira, Mg.
Lucia De Haene
Peter Rober, Ph. D.
Paul Enzlin, Ph. D.

Resumen

While several studies suggest that traditional gender ideologies are strongly embedded in Latino populations, little is known about the way they operate in adolescent’s romantic relationships. This mixedmethods study was carried out with adolescents in Cuenca, Ecuador. In the quantitative component, we assessed adolescents’ support for traditional gender ideologies in a sample of 562 adolescents (n = 309 girls). It was identified that the majority of adolescents were “uncritical” towards traditional ideologies involving masculinity (82%) and femininity (79%). In the qualitative component, the narratives of a sample of 20 adolescents reflected existing discourses on traditional gender roles and revealed how these ideologies are translated into specific behaviors. In this context, romantic relationships can become negative and dysfunctional spaces that affect adolescents’ development.


Keywords: Adolescence; romantic relationships; gender; machismo-marianismo; Ecuador; Latin America.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Detalles del artículo

Cómo citar
Jerves, E. M., Cevallos-Neira, A., De Haene, L., Rober, P., & Enzlin, P. (2023). Traditional gender roles translating into behaviors within adolescents’ romantic relationships. Revista Latinoamericana De Ciencias Sociales, Niñez Y Juventud, 20(3), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.11600/rlcsnj.20.3.4727
Sección
Segunda Parte Volumen 20 No. 3
Biografía del autor/a

Elena M. Jerves, Ph. D., University of Cuenca, Ecuador

Educational Psychologist. Magister in Educational Management. PhD in Bio-medical Sciences by the KU Leuven (Belgium). Full Professor at the University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador. Orcid: 0000-0002-1254-0958. H5: 9. Correo electrónico: elena.jerves@ucuenca.edu.ec

Ana Cevallos-Neira, Mg., University of Cuenca, Ecuador

Educational Psychologist. Magister in Sex Education at the University of Cuenca. Orcid: 0000-0002-3599-6659. H5: 2. Correo electrónico: acristina.cevallosn@ucuenca.edu.ec

Lucia De Haene, Psychology and Educational Sciences, Belgium

Associate Professor at the Faculty of Psychology & Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium, research unit Education, Culture & Society. Orcid: 0000-0002-3806-1015. H5: 5. Correo electrónico: lucia.dehaene@ppw.kuleuven.be

Peter Rober, Ph. D., Institute for Family and Sexuality Studies, Belgium

Clinical psychologist, family therapist and family therapy trainer at Context - Center for Marital and Family Therapy, UPC KU Leuven, Belgium. PhD in Psychology from UGhent. He is full professor in family therapy at the Institute for Family and Sexuality Studies (Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Belgium). Orcid: 0000-0001-5960-6259. H5: 5. Correo electrónico: peter.rober@kuleuven.be

Paul Enzlin, Ph. D., Institute for Family and Sexuality Studies, Belgium

Sexologist, marital and family therapist and clinical sexologist at CeKSS – Center for Sexology and Sex Therapy, UPCK KU Leuven. PhD in social health sciences from KU Leuven. Orcid: 0000-0002-6641-5159. H5: 33. Correo electrónico: paul.enzlin@uzleuven.be

Citas

Bouris, A., Guilamo-Ramos, V., Jaccard, J., Ballan, M., Lesesne, C., & González, B. (2012). Early adolescent romantic relationships and maternal approval among inner city Latino families. AIDS and Behavior, 16(6), 1570-1583. https://doi.org/cm64d9

Da Silva, N., Verdejo, T. R., Dillon, F. R., Ertl, M., & De La Rosa, M. (2018). Marianismo beliefs, intimate partner violence, and psychological distress among recently immigrated, young adult Latinas. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 36(7-8), 3755-3777. https://doi.org/h4jm

De Meyer, S., Kågesten, A., Mmari, K., McEachran, J., Chilet-Rosell, E., Kabiru, C., Michielsen, K. (2017). «Boys should have the courage to ask a girl out»: Gender norms in early adolescent romantic relationships. Journal of Adolescent Health, 61(4), 42-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.03.007

Furman, W., & Shaffer, L. (2003). The role of romantic relationships in adolescent deve-lopment. En P. Florsheim (Ed.), Adolescent romantic relations and sexual behavior: Theory, research, and practical implications (pp. 3-22). Lawrence Erlbaum.

Giordano, P. C. (2003). Relationships in adolescence. Annual Review of Sociology, 29, 257- 281. https://doi.org/10.1146/ANNUREV.SOC.29.010202.100047

Hlavka, H. R. (2014). Normalizing sexual violence young women account for harassment and abuse. Gender & Society, 28(3), 337-358. https://doi.org/f54nhp

Impett, E., Schooler, D., & Tolman, D. L. (2006). To be seen and not heard: Femininity ideology and adolescent girls’ sexual health. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 35(2), 129-142. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-005-9016-0

Jerves, E., López, S., Castro, C., Ortiz, W., Palacios, M., Rober, P., & Enzlin, P. (2014). Understanding parental views of adolescent sexuality and sex education in Ecuador: A qualitative study. Sex Education, 14(1), 14-27. https://doi.org/h4jp

Kågesten, A., Gibbs, S., Blum, R., Moreau, C., Chandra-Mouli, V., Herbert, A., & Amin, A. (2016). Understanding factors that shape gender attitudes in early adolescence globally: A mixed-methods systematic review. Plos One, 11(6), e0157805. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0157805

Len-Ríos, M. E., Streit, C., Killoren, S., Deutsch, A., Cooper, M. L., & Carlo, G. (2016). US Latino adolescents’ use of mass media and mediated communication in romantic relationships. Journal of Children and Media, 10(4), 1-16. https://doi.org/h4jq

Levant, R., & Richmond, K. (2008). A review of research on masculinity ideologies using the Male Role Norms Inventory. The Journal of Men’s Studies, 15(2), 130-146. https://doi.org/10.3149/jms.1502.130

Levant, R., Richmond, K., Cook, S., House, A. T., & Aupont, M. (2007). The femininity ideology scale: Factor structure, reliability, convergent and discriminant validity, and social contextual variation. Sex Roles, 57(5-6), 373-383. https://doi.org/d5sgbq

Levant, R., Smalley, K. B., Aupont, M., House, A., Richmond, K., & Noronha, D. (2007). Initial validation of the Male Role Norms Inventory-Revised (MRNI-R). The Journal of Men’s Studies, 15(1), 83-100. https://doi.org/10.3149/jms.1501.83

Machado-Pais, J. (2003). Sexualidad juvenil y cambio social: el caso de Portugal. Salud Pública de México, 45(S1), 26-33. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0036-36342003000700006

Machado, J. (2012). Sexualidade e afectos juvenis. Imprensa de Ciencias Sociais.

Milbrath, C., Ohlson, B., & Eyre, S. L. (2009). Analyzing cultural models in adolescent accounts of romantic relationships. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 19(2), 313-351. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-7795.2009.00598.x

Ministerio de Salud Pública [Ecuador]. (2017). Plan nacional de salud sexual y salud reproductiva: Viceministro de Gobernanza de la Salud Pública. https://bit.ly/3PfIGE8

Minowa, Y., Maclaran, P., & Stevens, L. (2019). The femme fatale in Vogue: Femininity ideologies in Fin-de-siècle America. Journal of Macromarketing, 39(3), 270-286. https://doi.org/10.1177/0276146719847748

Mirandé, A. (2018). Hombres y machos: Masculinity and Latino culture. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429500008

O’Sullivan, L., Cheng, M., Harris, K., & Brooks-Gunn, J. (2007). I wanna hold your hand: The progression of social, romantic and sexual events in adolescent relationships. Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 39(2), 100-107. https://doi.org/dj34qw

Raffaelli, M., Kang, H., & Guarini, T. (2012). Exploring the immigrant paradox in adolescent sexuality: An ecological perspective. En C. G. Coll, & A. K. Marks (Eds.), The immigrant paradox in children and adolescents: Is becoming American a developmental risk? (pp. 109-134). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/13094-005

Sequeira, D. (2009). The machismo and marianismo tango. Dorrance Publishing.

Singleton, R., Schroffel, H., Findlay, T., & Winskell, K. (2016). Cultural scripts surrounding young people’s sexual and romantic relationships in the Western Highlands of Guatemala. Culture, Health & Sexuality, 18(9), 1-15. https://doi.org/h4js

Terrazas-Carrillo, E. (2019). Dating violence attitudes among Latino college students: An examination of gender, machismo, and marianismo. Violence and Victims, 34(1), 194-210. https://doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.VV-D-17-00172

Tolman, D. L., Davis, B. R., & Bowman, C. P. (2016). «That’s just how it is» A gendered analysis of masculinity and femininity ideologies in adolescent girls’ and boys’ heterosexual relationships. Journal of Adolescent Research, 31(1), 3-31. https://doi.org/gj7sxn

Tolman, D., Spencer, R., Rosen-Reynoso, M., & Porche, M. (2003). Sowing the seeds of violence in heterosexual relationships: Early adolescents narrate compulsory hetero-sexuality. Journal of Social Issues, 59(1), 159-178. https://doi.org/crkbsr

Tolman, D., Striepe, M. I., & Harmon, T. (2003). Gender matters: Constructing a model of adolescent sexual health. Journal of Sex Research, 40(1), 4-12. https://doi.org/cz4vgd

Wade, J., & Donis, E. (2007). Masculinity ideology, male identity, and romantic relation-ship quality among heterosexual and gay men. Sex Roles, 57(9-10), 775-786. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-007-9303-4

Walters, A., & Valenzuela, I. (2020). More than muscles, money, or machismo: Latino men and the stewardship of masculinity. Sexuality & Culture, 24(3), 967-1003. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12119-019-09674-8