Paternal absence in childhood: experiences of people with mental illnesses
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
(analytical)
The objective of the research was to understand the phenomena that emerged from the experiences of paternal absence during childhood in adults with mental illnesses. This qualitative research was conducted through semi-structured interviews conducted with men and women. The results are grouped into six categories that emerged from the analysis: the universe of absence, fear and uncertainty, representation and idealization of the father, sadness and loneliness, stigma and difference and the icon that is the substitute. Based on the results of the study, the absence of the father in childhood for people with mental illness contributes to feelings of depression, stigmatization, loneliness
and lack of protection and are associated with painful experiences that require improved comprehension and a therapeutic approach.
Keywords: Father-child relations, paternity, paternal deprivation, qualitative research, mental disorders.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share - copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt - remix, transform, and build upon the material
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
-
Attribution - You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
-
NonCommercial - You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
-
ShareAlike - If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
- No additional restrictions - You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
How to Cite
References
Adams, R., Ritter, C., & Bonfine, N. (2015). Epidemiology of trauma: Childhood adversities, neighborhood problems, discrimination, chronic strains, life events, and daily hassles among people with a severe mental illness. Psychiatry Research, (230), 609-615. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2015.10.012
Benavides, M., & Gómez-Restrepo, C. (2005). Métodos en investigación cualitativa: triangulación. Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría, 34(1), 118-124.
Bradley, R., & Corwyn, R. (2004). "Family process" Investments that matter for child well-being. En A. Kalil, & T. DeLeire (Eds.), Monographs in parenting. Family investments in children's potential: Resources and parenting behaviors that promote success (pp. 1-32). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers. https://doi.org/f73g
Bradshaw, D., Jay, S., McNamara, N., Stevenson, C., & Muldoon, O. (2015). Perceived discrimination amongst young people in socio-economically disadvantaged communities: Parental support and community identity buffer (some) negative impacts of stigma. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 34(2), 153-168. https://doi.org/f8n74v
Bronte-Tinkew, J., Carrano, J., Horowitz, A., & Kinukawa, A. (2008). Involvement among resident fathers and links to infant cognitive outcomes. Journal of Family Issues, 29(9), 1211-1244. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192513x08318145
Bywaters, P., Bunting, L., Davidson, G., Hanratty, J., Mason, W., McCartan, C., & Steils, N. (2016, 3 de marzo). The relationship between poverty, child abuse and neglect: An evidence review. Joseph Rowntree Foundation. https://bit.ly/3vi8upr
Cabrera, N. (2016). Why do fathers matter for children's development? En S. McHale, V. King, J. Van Hook, & A. Booth (Eds.), Gender and Couple Relationships (pp. 161-168). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21635-5_9
Cano, T., Perales, F., & Baxter, J. (2019). A matter of time: Father involvement and child cognitive outcomes. Journal of Marriage and Family, 81(1), 164-184. https://doi.org/gftg8c
Comisión Económica Para América Latina y el Caribe. (1994). Familia, desarrollo y dinámica de población en América Latina y el Caribe. Autor. https://bit.ly/3sJ1sbi
Cruz, J. (2017). El concepto de experiencia en Victor W. Turner, E. P. Thompson y Anthony Giddens: un diálogo entre antropología social, historia y sociología. Sociología Histórica, (7), 345-375.
Chang, J., Halpern, C., & Kaufman, J. (2007). Maternal depressive symptoms, father's involvement, and the trajectories of child problem behaviors in a US national sample. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 161(7). 697-703. https://doi.org/b8rtgj
Cherlin, A., Chase-Lansdale, L., & McRae, C. (1998). Effects of parental divorce on mental health throughout the life course. American Sociological Review, 63(2), 239-249. https://doi.org/10.2307/2657325
Departamento Nacional de Planeación. (2014). Observatorio Nacional de Familias. Boletín 2. https://bit.ly/3gJD4UX
Diamond, M. (1995). Someone to watch over me: The father as the original protector of the mother-infant dyad. Psychoanalysis & Psychotherapy, 12(1), 89-102.
Díaz, R. (1997). La vivencia en circulación: una introducción a la antropología de la expe-riencia. Alteridades, 7(13), 5-15.
East, L., Jackson, D., & O'brien, L. (2006). Father absence and adolescent development: A review of the literature. Journal of Child Health Care, 10(4), 283-295. https://doi.org/dmdgnq
Filus, A., Schwarz, B., Mylonas, K., Sam, D., & Boski, P. (2018). Parenting and late adolescents' well-being in Greece, Norway, Poland and Switzerland: Associations with individuation from parents. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 28, 560-576. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10826-018-1283-1
Finch, N. (2003). Demographic Trends in the UK. University of York. https://bit.ly/3vpv9Af
Fletcher, R., StGeorge, J., & Freeman, E. (2012). Rough and tumble play quality: Theoretical foundations for a new measure of father-child interaction. Early Child Development and Care, 183(6), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2012.723439
Flouri, E., & Buchanan, A. (2003). The role of father involvement in children's later mental health. Journal of Adolescence, 26(1), 63-78. https://doi.org/bpfk4p
Freud, S. (1980). El yo y los mecanismos de defensa. Paidós. Gelles, R. (1989). Child abuse and violence in single-parent families: Parent absence and economic deprivation. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 59(4), 492-501. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-0025.1989.tb02738.x
Golding, P., & Fitzgerald, H. (2019). The early biopsychosocial development of boys and the origins of violence in males. Infantil Mental Health Journal, 40(1), 5-22. https://doi.org/10.1002/imhj.2175
Hughes, K., Bellis, M., Hardcastle, K., Sethi, D., Butchart, A., Mikton, C., Jones, L. & Dunne, M. (2017). The effect of multiple adverse childhood experiences on health: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Public Health, 2(8), 356-366. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(17)30118-4
Jaffee, S., Caspi, A., Moffitt, T., Taylor, A., & Dickson, N. (2001). Predicting early father-hood and whether young fathers live with their children: Prospective "ndings and policy reconsiderations. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 42(6), 803-815. https://doi.org/10.1111/1469-7610.00777
Kelly, A., Yuen, J., Witmer, R., & Ophir, A. (2020). Paternal deprivation impairs social behavior putatively via epigenetic modification to lateral septum vasopressin receptor. Science Advances, 6(36), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb9116
Kliksberg, B. (2000). La situación social de América Latina y sus impactos sobre la familia y la educación: interrogantes y búsquedas. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. https://bit.ly/3elTIXL
Kramer, K., Myhra, L., Solis, V., & Bauer, Z. (2016). Comparison of poverty and income disparity of single mothers and fathers across three decades: 1990-2010. Gender Issues, 33(1), 22-41. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12147-015-9144-3
Lawson, D., Schaffnit, S., Hassan, A., Ngadaya, E., Ngowi, B., M"nanga, S., James, S., & Borgerhoff, M. (2017). Father absence but not fosterage predicts food insecurity, relative poverty, and poor child health in northern Tanzania. American Journal of Human Biology: The Official Journal of the Human Biology Council, 29(3). https://doi.org/ggknws
Mall, S., Mortier, P., Taljaard, L., Roos, J., Stein, D., & Lochner, C. (2018). The relationship between childhood adversity, recent stressors, and depression in college students attending a South African University. BMC Psychiatry, 18(63), 2-10. https://doi.org/gc7x49
Maselko, J., Hagaman, A., Bates, L., Bhalotra, S., Biroli, P., Gallis, J., O'Donnell, K., Sikander, S., Turner, E. L., & Rahman, A. (2019). Father involvement in the first year of life: Associations with maternal mental health and child development outcomes in rural Pakistan. Social Science & Medicine, 237. https://doi.org/f73r
McLaughlin, K., Greif, J., Gruber, M., Sampson, N., Zaslavsky, A., & Kessler, R. (2010). Childhood adversities and adult psychiatric disorders in the national comorbidity survey replication II: Associations with persistence of DSM-IV disorders. Archives of General Psychiatry, 67(2), 124-132. https://doi.org/10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.187
Ministerio de Salud. (1993). Resolución 8430 del 4 de octubre de 1993. [Por la cual se establecen las normas científicas, técnicas y administrativas para la investigación en salud]. Autor.
Nolas, S. (2011). Grounded theory. En F. Nollaig (ed.), Qualitative research methods in psychology: Combining core approaches (pp. 16-43). Open University Press.
Oliveira, R. (2020). The father and the paternal function in the psychoanalytical process: Theoretical and clinical issues. The American Journal of Psychoanalysis, 80(3), 309-330. https://doi.org/10.1057/s11231-020-09262-y
Papaleontiou-Louca, E., & Al Omari, O. (2020). The (neglected) role of the father in children's mental health. New Ideas in Psychology, 59. https://doi.org/f73s
Paquette, D., & Dumont, C. (2013). Is father-child rough-and-tumble play associated with attachment or activation relationships? Early Child Development and Care, 183(6), 760-773. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2012.723440
Rodica, P. (2019). The place and role of the father in early life. Romanian Journal of Psychoanalysis, 12(2), 93-106. https://doi.org/10.2478/rjp-2019-0018
Rodríguez, M., Carrasco, M., & Holgado-Tello, F. (2019). Father involvement and children's psychological adjustment: Maternal and paternal acceptance as mediators. Journal of Family Studies, 25(2), 151-169. https://doi.org/10.1080/13229400.2016.1211549
Ross, C., & Mirowsky, J. (1999). Parental divorce, life-course disruption and adult depre-ssion. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 61(4), 1034-1045. https://doi.org/fcpgzw
Ross, J. (1979). Fathering: A review of some psychoanalytic contributions on paternity. The International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 60(3), 317-327.
Sağkal, A., Özdemir, Y., & Koruklu, N. (2018). Direct and indirect effects of father-daugh-ter relationship on adolescent girls' psychological outcomes: The role of basic psycho-logical need satisfaction. Journal of Adolescense, 68, 32-39. https://doi.org/gd6hzf
Sandseter, E., & Kennair, L. (2011). Children's risky play from an evolutionary perspective: The anti-phobic effects of thrilling experiences. Evolutionary Psychology, 9(2), 257-284. https://doi.org/10.1177/147470491100900212
Schaan, V., Schulz, A., Schächinger, H., & Vógele, C. (2019). Parental divorce is associated with an increased risk to develop mental disorders in women. Journal of Affective Disorders, 257, 91-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2019.06.071
Schneider, W. (2017). Single mothers, the role of fathers and the risk for child maltreat-ment. Children and Youth Services Review, 81, 81-93. https://doi.org/gb4ktm
Tannenbaum, L., & Forehand, R. (1994). Maternal depressive mood: The role of the father in preventing adolescent problem behaviors. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 32(3), 321-325. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-7967(94)90129-5
Thompson, E. (1981). Miseria de la teoría. Crítica Editorial. Turner, V. (1985). On the edge of the bush: Anthropology as experience. University of Arizona Press.
Vila, M., & Echavarría, M. (2019). Las influencias de la carencia del padre en el desarrollo del hijo y en su educación [Tesis de pregrado, Universitat Abat Oliba]. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya. https://bit.ly/3xhvVAU