"She's my favourite": Children's perspectives about good residential child care
Main Article Content
Abstract
(analytical)
This research explores the perspectives of children living in residential programs regarding the characteristics of a good caregiver. A qualitative study was developed using graphic techniques and group interviews with 14 children living in residential programs in Valparaíso-Chile. The network of care perceived by the children at individual and residential level was identified, highlighting residential figures over family members. The children showed a specificity of the bond with their residential caregivers and suggested characteristics of a good caregiver, associated with protection, permanence and daily accompaniment. Affection is a cross-cutting element in children's narratives about their
caregiving experiences and perspectives on what makes a good caregiver. The results suggest that
residential programs should consider children's perspectives and create conditions to favor this affective bonding with caregivers.
Keywords: Child care, child welfare, interpersonal relations, childhood, residential child care.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share - copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt - remix, transform, and build upon the material
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
-
Attribution - You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
-
NonCommercial - You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
-
ShareAlike - If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
- No additional restrictions - You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
How to Cite
References
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in Psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Capella, C., & Gutiérrez, C. (2014). Psicoterapia con niños y niñas y adolescentes que han sido víctimas de agresiones sexuales: sobre la reparación, la resigni#cación y la superación. Psicoperspectivas, 13(3), 93-105. https://doi.org/chkt
Carnevale, F. A. (2020). A "thick" conception of children's voices: A hermeneutical frame-work for childhood research. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, (19). https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406920933767
Cervera, I., López-Soler, C., Alcántara-López, M., Fernández-Fernández, V., & Martínez, A. (2020). Consecuencias del maltrato crónico intrafamiliar en la infancia: trauma del desarrollo. Papeles del Psicólogo, 41(3), 219-227. https://doi.org/gp85
Christensen, P., & James, A. (Eds.) (2017). Research with children: Perspectives and practices. Falmer Press.
Elden, S. (2012). Inviting the messy: Drawing methods and children's voices. Childhood, 20(1), 66-81. https://doi.org/10.1177/0907568212447243
Fargas-Malet, M., McSherry, D, Larkin, E., & Robinson, C. (2010). Research with children: Methodological issues and innovative techniques. Journal of Early Childhood Research, 8(2), 175-192. https://doi.org/10.1177/1476718X09345412
Francischini, R., & Fernandes, N. (2016). Os desafios da pesquisa ética com crianças. Estudos de Psicologia (Campinas), 33(1), 61-69. https://doi.org/gp86
Gale, C. (2016). El cuidado infantil alternativo y la desinstitucionalización: estudio de caso de Chile. https://bit.ly/3ydnKWv
Gallegos, M., Jarpa C., & Opazo, D. (2018). Derechos del niño y sistemas residenciales en Chile: representaciones sociales de adultos cuidadores. Psicoperspectivas, 17(2). https://doi.org/10.5027/psicoperspectivas-vol17-issue2-fulltext-1184
García-Quiroga, M., & Hamilton-Giachritsis, C. (2014). In the name of the children: Public policies for children in out-of-home care in Chile: Historical review, present situation and future challenges. Children and Youth Services Review, (44), 422-430. https://doi.org/f6gsgr
García-Quiroga, M., & Hamilton-Giachritsis, C. (2017). The crucial role of the micro care-giving environment: Factors associated with attachment styles in alternative care in Chile. Child Abuse & Neglect, (70), 169-179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.05.019
García-Quiroga, M., Hamilton-Giachritsis, C., & Ibáñez, M. (2017). Attachment represen-tations and socio-emotional difficulties in alternative care: A comparison between residential, foster and family based children in Chile. Child Abuse & Neglect, (70), 180-189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.05.021
García-Quiroga, M., & Salvo-Agoglia, I. (2020). Too vulnerable to participate? Challenges for meaningful participation in research with children in alternative care and adop-tion. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, (19), 1-11. https://doi.org/gp87
Graham, A., Powell, M. A., & Taylor, N. (2015). Ethical research involving children: Encou-raging re'exive engagement in research with children and young people. Child & Society, 29(5), 331-343. https://doi.org/10.1111/chso.12089
Groark, C. J., McCall, R. B., & Fish, L. (2011). Characteristics of environments, caregivers, and children in three Central American orphanages. Infant Mental Health Journal, 32(2), 232-250. https://doi.org/10.1002/imhj.20292
Hogar de Cristo. (2017). Del dicho al derecho: estándares de calidad para residencias de protección de niños y adolescentes. Dirección Social Nacional. https://bit.ly/2TISb7T
Huang, X., O'Connor, M., Ke, L., & Lee, S. (2016). Ethical and methodological issues in qualitative health research involving children: A systematic review. Nursing Ethics, 23(3), 339-356. https://doi.org/10.1177/0969733014564102
Iruarrizaga, F. (2016). Rediseñando el sistema de protección de la infancia en Chile. Estudios Públicos, 141, 7-57. https://doi.org/10.38178/cep.vi141.174
Lecannelier, F., Silva, J. R., Hoffmann, M., Melo, R., & Morales, R. (2014). Effects of an intervention to promote socio-emotional development in terms of attachment securi-ty: A study in early institutionalization in Chile. Infant Mental Health Journal, 35(2), 151-159. https://doi.org/10.1002/imhj.21436
Liu, Y., & Hazler, R. (2017). Variables associated with indiscriminate friendliness displayed by Chinese adoptees in U. S. families. The Family Journal, 25(4), 414-422. https://doi.org/10.1177/1066480717731345
Malone, K., & Hartung, C. (2010). Challenges of participatory practice with children. En B. Percy-Smith & N. Thomas (Eds.), A handbook of children and young people's partici-pation: Perspectives from theory and practice (pp. 24-38). Routledge.
Manashko, S., Besser, A., & Priel, B. (2009). Maltreated children's representations of other and an additional caregiver: A longitudinal study. Journal of Personality, 77(2), 561-599. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2008.00558.x
Morelato, G. (2011). Resiliencia en el maltrato infantil: aportes para la comprensión de factores desde un modelo ecológico. Revista de Psicología, 29(2), 203-224. https://doi.org/10.18800/psico.201102.001
Moreno-Roldán, M. R., Agudelo-Bedoya, M. E., & Alzate-Pulgarín, V. (2018). Voces a escuchar en el cuidado: ¿qué dicen los niños y las niñas? Revista Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Niñez y Juventud, 16(1), 227-237. https://doi.org/10.11600/1692715x.116113
Núñez, C., Peña, M., Cubillos, F., & Solora, H. (2016). Estamos todos juntos: el cierre de la escuela rural desde la perspectiva de los niños. Educação e Pesquisa, 42(4), 953-967. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1517-9702201612152334
Organización de las Naciones Unidas. (2009). Directrices sobre las modalidades alternativas del cuidado de los niños. https://www.relaf.org/100426-UNGuidelines-Spanish.pdf
Ponizovsky-Bergelson, Y., Dayan, Y., Wahle, N., & Roer-Strier, D. (2019). A qualitative interview with young children: What encourages or inhibits young children's participation? International Journal of Qualitative Methods, (18). https://doi.org/gp9h
Rutter, M., Beckett, C., Castle, J., Colvert, E., Kreppner, J., Mehta, M., Stevens, S., & Sonuga-Barke, E. (2007). Effects of profound early institutional deprivation: An over-view of findings from a UK longitudinal study of Romanian adoptees. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 4(3), 332-350. https://doi.org/10.1080/17405620701401846
Sánchez-Reyes, J. E., Cantor-Jiménez, J., Castro-Sardi, X., & Bolaños, Y. (2019). Concepciones de niño y modos de relación de cuidadores y profesionales con niños institucionaliza-dos, Colombia. Revista Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Niñez y Juventud, 17(2), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.11600/1692715x.17209
Scopinho, R., & Rossi, A. (2017). Entre a caridade, a filantropia e os direitos sociais: Repre-sentações sociais de trabalhadoras do care. Estudos de Psicologia (Campinas), 34(1), 75-85. https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-02752017000100008
Servicio Nacional de Menores de Chile. (2017) Anuario estadístico. https://bit.ly/3fc9a9Z
Smyke, A., Dumitrescu, A., & Zeanah, C. (2002). Attachment disturbances in young chil-dren I: The continuum of caretaking casualty. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 41(8), 972-982. https://doi.org/ctnp4c
Stafford, L., Harkin, J. A., Rolfe, A., Burton, J., & Morley, C. (2021). Why having a voice is important to children who are involved in family support services. Child Abuse and Neglect, 115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.104987
Tójar, J. C. (2006). Investigación cualitativa: comprender y actuar. La Muralla. Unicef. (2017). Informe anual Chile 2017. https://uni.cf/3zQy7Qs
Vázquez-Sánchez, J., Fernández-Alcántara, M., García-Caro, M., Cabañero-Martínez, M., Martí-García, C., & Montoya-Juárez, R. (2018). The concept of death in children aged from 9 to 11 years: Evidences through inductive and deductive analysis of drawings. Death Studies, 43(8), 467-477. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2018.1480545
Vergara, A., Peña, M., Chávez, P., & Vergara, E. (2015). Los niños como sujetos sociales: el aporte de los nuevos estudios sociales de la infancia y el análisis crítico del discurso. Psicoperspectivas, 14(1), 55-65. https://doi.org/gjsj86